Tonga Wirtschaftsindikatoren
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Wichtigste Wirtschaftsindikatoren
Messung
Frequenz
Wert
Letztes Update
Zeitabdeckung
percent
jährlich
2017
2.70
1982 - 2017
Annual percentage growth rate of GDP at market prices based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2010 U.S. dollars. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources.
billion USD
jährlich
2017
0.4
1981 - 2017
GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2010 U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using 2010 official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used.
billion USD
jährlich
2017
0.43
1975 - 2017
GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using single year official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used.
USD
jährlich
2017
3959.08
1975 - 2017
GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
USD
jährlich
2017
5425.62
1990 - 2017
GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2011 international dollars.
USD
jährlich
2017
3862.30
1981 - 2017
GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2010 U.S. dollars.
GDP components and structure
Messung
Frequenz
Wert
Letztes Update
Zeitabdeckung
percent
jährlich
2012
33.38
1975 - 2012
Gross capital formation (formerly gross domestic investment) consists of outlays on additions to the fixed assets of the economy plus net changes in the level of inventories. Fixed assets include land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. Inventories are stocks of goods held by firms to meet temporary or unexpected fluctuations in production or sales, and "work in progress." According to the 1993 SNA, net acquisitions of valuables are also considered capital formation.
billion USD
jährlich
2012
0.16
1975 - 2012
Gross capital formation (formerly gross domestic investment) consists of outlays on additions to the fixed assets of the economy plus net changes in the level of inventories. Fixed assets include land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. Inventories are stocks of goods held by firms to meet temporary or unexpected fluctuations in production or sales, and "work in progress." According to the 1993 SNA, net acquisitions of valuables are also considered capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
percent
jährlich
2012
93.77
1975 - 2012
Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. This item also includes any statistical discrepancy in the use of resources relative to the supply of resources.
billion USD
jährlich
2012
0.44
1975 - 2012
Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
percent
jährlich
2012
18.72
1981 - 2012
Gross savings are calculated as gross national income less total consumption, plus net transfers.
billion USD
jährlich
2012
0.08
1981 - 2012
Gross savings are calculated as gross national income less total consumption, plus net transfers. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
percent
jährlich
2016
17.27
1975 - 2016
Industry corresponds to ISIC divisions 10-45 and includes manufacturing (ISIC divisions 15-37). It comprises value added in mining, manufacturing (also reported as a separate subgroup), construction, electricity, water, and gas. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Note: For VAB countries, gross value added at factor cost is used as the denominator.
percent
jährlich
2016
6.21
1975 - 2016
Manufacturing refers to industries belonging to ISIC divisions 15-37. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Note: For VAB countries, gross value added at factor cost is used as the denominator.
billion USD
jährlich
2016
0.07
1975 - 2016
Industry corresponds to ISIC divisions 10-45 and includes manufacturing (ISIC divisions 15-37). It comprises value added in mining, manufacturing (also reported as a separate subgroup), construction, electricity, water, and gas. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
billion USD
jährlich
2016
0.02
1975 - 2016
Manufacturing refers to industries belonging to ISIC divisions 15-37. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Money
Messung
Frequenz
Wert
Letztes Update
Zeitabdeckung
percent
jährlich
2016
2.6
1976 - 2016
Inflation as measured by the consumer price index reflects the annual percentage change in the cost to the average consumer of acquiring a basket of goods and services that may be fixed or changed at specified intervals, such as yearly. The Laspeyres formula is generally used.
local currency units per dollar
jährlich
2013
1.77
1960 - 2013
Official exchange rate refers to the exchange rate determined by national authorities or to the rate determined in the legally sanctioned exchange market. It is calculated as an annual average based on monthly averages (local currency units relative to the U.S. dollar).
Erwerbsquote
Messung
Frequenz
Wert
Letztes Update
Zeitabdeckung
million people
jährlich
2018
0.04
1990 - 2018
Labor force comprises people ages 15 and older who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. It includes people who are currently employed and people who are unemployed but seeking work as well as first-time job-seekers. Not everyone who works is included, however. Unpaid workers, family workers, and students are often omitted, and some countries do not count members of the armed forces. Labor force size tends to vary during the year as seasonal workers enter and leave.
percent
jährlich
2017
1.13
1991 - 2017
Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment.
percent
jährlich
2017
2.63
1991 - 2017
Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment.
percent
jährlich
2017
59.47
1990 - 2017
Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
percent
jährlich
2017
45.15
1990 - 2017
Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
percent
jährlich
2017
74.16
1990 - 2017
Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
Prozent
jährlich
2017
71.38
1960 - 2017
Age dependency ratio is the ratio of dependents--people younger than 15 or older than 64--to the working-age population--those ages 15-64. Data are shown as the proportion of dependents per 100 working-age population.
Internationale Transaktionen
Messung
Frequenz
Wert
Letztes Update
Zeitabdeckung
percent
jährlich
2017
103.88
2000 - 2017
Net barter terms of trade index is calculated as the percentage ratio of the export unit value indexes to the import unit value indexes, measured relative to the base year 2000. Unit value indexes are based on data reported by countries that demonstrate consistency under UNCTAD quality controls, supplemented by UNCTAD's estimates using the previous year’s trade values at the Standard International Trade Classification three-digit level as weights. To improve data coverage, especially for the latest periods, UNCTAD constructs a set of average prices indexes at the three-digit product classification of the Standard International Trade Classification revision 3 using UNCTAD’s Commodity Price Statistics, international and national sources, and UNCTAD secretariat estimates and calculates unit value indexes at the country level using the current year's trade values as weights.
percent
jährlich
2016
89.43
1975 - 2016
Exports plus imports as percent of GDP.
percent
jährlich
2016
21.31
1975 - 2016
Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments.
billion USD
jährlich
2017
0.09
1975 - 2017
xports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
percent
jährlich
2016
68.12
1975 - 2016
Imports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services received from the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments.
US-Dollar
jährlich
2017
0.32
1975 - 2017
Imports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services received from the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
percent
jährlich
2017
3.23
1977 - 2017
Foreign direct investment are the net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows net inflows (new investment inflows less disinvestment) in the reporting economy from foreign investors, and is divided by GDP.
billion USD
jährlich
2017
-0.01
1977 - 2017
Foreign direct investment refers to direct investment equity flows in the reporting economy. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, and other capital. Direct investment is a category of cross-border investment associated with a resident in one economy having control or a significant degree of influence on the management of an enterprise that is resident in another economy. Ownership of 10 percent or more of the ordinary shares of voting stock is the criterion for determining the existence of a direct investment relationship. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
million dollars (current)
jährlich
2017
0.00
1971 - 2017
Portfolio equity includes net inflows from equity securities other than those recorded as direct investment and including shares, stocks, depository receipts (American or global), and direct purchases of shares in local stock markets by foreign investors. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
percent
jährlich
2015
-12.97
1975 - 2015
Current account balance is the sum of net exports of goods and services, net primary income, and net secondary income.
billion USD
jährlich
2017
-0.03
1971 - 2017
Current account balance is the sum of net exports of goods and services, net primary income, and net secondary income. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
percent
jährlich
2016
-46.81
1975 - 2016
External balance on goods and services (formerly resource balance) equals exports of goods and services minus imports of goods and services (previously nonfactor services).
billion USD
jährlich
2017
-0.20
1971 - 2017
Net trade in goods and services is derived by offsetting imports of goods and services against exports of goods and services. Exports and imports of goods and services comprise all transactions involving a change of ownership of goods and services between residents of one country and the rest of the world. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
billion USD
jährlich
2017
0.20
1977 - 2017
Total reserves comprise holdings of monetary gold, special drawing rights, reserves of IMF members held by the IMF, and holdings of foreign exchange under the control of monetary authorities. The gold component of these reserves is valued at year-end (December 31) London prices. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
percent
jährlich
2017
34.24
1975 - 2017
Personal remittances comprise personal transfers and compensation of employees. Personal transfers consist of all current transfers in cash or in kind made or received by resident households to or from nonresident households. Personal transfers thus include all current transfers between resident and nonresident individuals. Compensation of employees refers to the income of border, seasonal, and other short-term workers who are employed in an economy where they are not resident and of residents employed by nonresident entities. Data are the sum of two items defined in the sixth edition of the IMFs Balance of Payments Manual: personal transfers and compensation of employees.
million USD
jährlich
2015
118.16
1971 - 2015
Personal transfers consist of all current transfers in cash or in kind made or received by resident households to or from nonresident households. Personal transfers thus include all current transfers between resident and nonresident individuals. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Staatsverschuldung
Messung
Frequenz
Wert
Letztes Update
Zeitabdeckung
percent
jährlich
2012
18.87
1975 - 2012
General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation.
billion USD
jährlich
2012
0.09
1975 - 2012
General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Outlook
Messung
Frequenz
Wert
Letztes Update
Zeitabdeckung
percent
jährlich
2023
1.85
1980 - 2023
Year-on-year percent changes in constant price GDP. The base year is country-specific. Expenditure-based GDP is the total final expenditure at purchasers prices including the f.o.b. value of exports of goods and services, less the f.o.b. value of imports of goods and services.
percent
jährlich
2023
2.50
1983 - 2023
Year-on-year percentage changes in end-of-period consumer prices.
percent
jährlich
2023
-6.29
1980 - 2023
The current account is all transactions other than those in financial and capital items. The major classifications are goods and services, income and current transfers.
Regierung und politisches System
Messung
Frequenz
Wert
Letztes Update
Zeitabdeckung
points
jährlich
2017
0.31
1996 - 2017
The index for Rule of Law captures perceptions of the extent to which agents have confidence in and abide by the rules of society, and in particular the quality of contract enforcement, property rights, the police, and the courts, as well as the likelihood of crime and violence.
points
jährlich
2017
-0.22
1998 - 2017
The index of Government Effectiveness captures perceptions of the quality of public services, the quality of the civil service and the degree of its independence from political pressures, the quality of policy formulation and implementation, and the credibility of the government's commitment to such policies.
points
jährlich
2017
-0.16
1998 - 2017
The index for Control of Corruption captures perceptions of the extent to which public power is exercised for private gain, including both petty and grand forms of corruption, as well as capture of the state by elites and private interests.
points
jährlich
2017
-0.40
1998 - 2017
The index of Regulatory Quality captures perceptions of the ability of the government to formulate and implement sound policies and regulations that permit and promote private sector development.
points
jährlich
2017
0.60
1996 - 2017
The index for Voice and Accountability captures perceptions of the extent to which the citizens are able to participate in selecting their government, as well as freedom of expression, freedom of association, and a free media.
points
jährlich
2019
2
1972 - 2019
The Political Rights ratings from the Freedom House evaluate three categories: electoral process, political pluralism and participation, and the functioning of government. The index ranges from 1 (strong rights) to 7 (weak rights).
points
jährlich
2019
2
1972 - 2019
The Civil Liberties index from the Freedom House evaluate the following: freedom of expression and belief, associational and organizational rights, rule of law, and personal autonomy and individual rights. The rating ranges from 1 (strong liberties) to 7 (no liberties).
percent
jährlich
2017
3.80
1990 - 2017
Women in parliaments are the percentage of parliamentary seats in a single or lower chamber held by women.
Steuern
Messung
Frequenz
Wert
Letztes Update
Zeitabdeckung
Prozent
jährlich
2017
27.50
2005 - 2017
Total tax rate measures the amount of taxes and mandatory contributions payable by businesses after accounting for allowable deductions and exemptions as a share of commercial profits. Taxes withheld (such as personal income tax) or collected and remitted to tax authorities (such as value added taxes, sales taxes or goods and service taxes) are excluded.
Stunden
jährlich
2017
200
2005 - 2017
Time to prepare and pay taxes is the time, in hours per year, it takes to prepare, file, and pay (or withhold) three major types of taxes: the corporate income tax, the value added or sales tax, and labor taxes, including payroll taxes and social security contributions.
Steuern
jährlich
2017
30
2005 - 2017
Tax payments by businesses are the total number of taxes paid by businesses, including electronic filing. The tax is counted as paid once a year even if payments are more frequent.
Länderrisiko
Messung
Frequenz
Wert
Letztes Update
Zeitabdeckung
index points
jährlich
2018
2
2014 - 2018
Short Term political risk = Political risk related to short-term export transactions. Political risk covers the risks of foreign exchange shortages, wars, revolutions, natural disasters and arbitrary government actions. Countries are classified into seven categories (from 1-low risk to 7-high risk) reflecting the intensity of political risk.
index points
jährlich
2018
5.0
2014 - 2018
Long Term political risk = Political risk related to export transactions with a credit period of more than two years. Political risk covers the risks of foreign exchange shortages, wars, revolutions, natural disasters and arbitrary government actions. Countries are classified into seven categories (from 1-low risk to 7-high risk) reflecting the intensity of political risk.
index points
jährlich
2018
3
2014 - 2018
Special cash transactions are mainly contracting works and projects with long realization periods but payable on a cash basis as the work progresses. Political risk covers the risks of foreign exchange shortages, wars, revolutions, natural disasters and arbitrary government actions Countries are classified into seven categories (from 1-low risk to 7-high risk) reflecting the intensity of political risk.
index points
jährlich
2018
5
2014 - 2018
Transfer risk = Political risk related to countries’ solvency. Countries are classified into seven categories: from 1 (low risk) to 7 (high risk).
index points
jährlich
2014
4
2014 - 2014
Risk of expropriation and government action = The risk of expropriation and government action covers the risks of expropriation, breach of contract by the government, a possible negative change of attitude towards foreign investors, and also risks related to the functioning of the judiciary system. Countries are classified into seven categories: from 1 (low risk) to 7 (high risk).
index points
jährlich
2018
3
2014 - 2018
War Risk = War risk covers the risks of external conflicts and the risks of domestic political violence. Domestic political violence includes terrorism, civil unrest, socio-economic conflicts, racial and ethnic tension and the extreme case of civil war. Countries are classified into seven categories (from 1-low risk to 7-high risk) reflecting the intensity of war risk.
Anteil an Welt gesamt
Messung
Frequenz
Wert
Letztes Update
Zeitabdeckung
percent
jährlich
2017
0.00
1960 - 2017
The population share of a particular country is measured as its population as percent of the total world population in a given year. Total population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship--except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of their country of origin. The values shown are midyear estimates.
percent
jährlich
2016
0.00
1980 - 2016
We calculated the world GDP as the sum of the GDP of all countries expressed in current USD. The share of GDP is the GDP of a particular country as percent of the world GDP. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using single year official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used.
percent
jährlich
2016
0.00
1990 - 2016
The share of world exports equals the exports of a particular country as percent of the total exports of all countries around the world. Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
percent
jährlich
2016
0.00
1990 - 2016
The share of world exports equals the exports of a particular country as percent of the total exports of all countries around the world. Imports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services received from the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
percent
jährlich
2016
0.00
1993 - 2016
Foreign direct investment refers to direct investment equity flows in the reporting economy. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, and other capital. Direct investment is a category of cross-border investment associated with a resident in one economy having control or a significant degree of influence on the management of an enterprise that is resident in another economy. Ownership of 10 percent or more of the ordinary shares of voting stock is the criterion for determining the existence of a direct investment relationship. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Auslandsverschuldung
Messung
Frequenz
Wert
Letztes Update
Zeitabdeckung
percent
jährlich
2017
39.10
1985 - 2017
Total external debt stocks to gross national income. Total external debt is debt owed to nonresidents repayable in currency, goods, or services. Total external debt is the sum of public, publicly guaranteed, and private nonguaranteed long-term debt, use of IMF credit, and short-term debt. Short-term debt includes all debt having an original maturity of one year or less and interest in arrears on long-term debt. GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad.
Infrastruktur und Verkehr
Messung
Frequenz
Wert
Letztes Update
Zeitabdeckung
percent
jährlich
2016
39.95
1990 - 2016
Internet users are individuals who have used the Internet (from any location) in the last 12 months. Internet can be used via a computer, mobile phone, personal digital assistant, games machine, digital TV etc.
subscribers
jährlich
2016
3000
2002 - 2016
Fixed broadband subscriptions refers to fixed subscriptions to high-speed access to the public Internet (a TCP/IP connection), at downstream speeds equal to, or greater than, 256 kbit/s. This includes cable modem, DSL, fiber-to-the-home/building, other fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions, satellite broadband and terrestrial fixed wireless broadband. This total is measured irrespective of the method of payment. It excludes subscriptions that have access to data communications (including the Internet) via mobile-cellular networks. It should include fixed WiMAX and any other fixed wireless technologies. It includes both residential subscriptions and subscriptions for organizations.
percent
jährlich
2016
2.80
2002 - 2016
Fixed broadband subscriptions refers to fixed subscriptions to high-speed access to the public Internet (a TCP/IP connection), at downstream speeds equal to, or greater than, 256 kbit/s. This includes cable modem, DSL, fiber-to-the-home/building, other fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions, satellite broadband and terrestrial fixed wireless broadband. This total is measured irrespective of the method of payment. It excludes subscriptions that have access to data communications (including the Internet) via mobile-cellular networks. It should include fixed WiMAX and any other fixed wireless technologies. It includes both residential subscriptions and subscriptions for organizations.
million subscribers
jährlich
2016
0.08
1960 - 2016
Mobile cellular telephone subscriptions are subscriptions to a public mobile telephone service that provide access to the PSTN using cellular technology. The indicator includes (and is split into) the number of postpaid subscriptions, and the number of active prepaid accounts (i.e. that have been used during the last three months). The indicator applies to all mobile cellular subscriptions that offer voice communications. It excludes subscriptions via data cards or USB modems, subscriptions to public mobile data services, private trunked mobile radio, telepoint, radio paging and telemetry services.
subscribers per 100 people
jährlich
2016
74.68
1960 - 2016
Mobile cellular telephone subscriptions are subscriptions to a public mobile telephone service that provide access to the PSTN using cellular technology. The indicator includes (and is split into) the number of postpaid subscriptions, and the number of active prepaid accounts (i.e. that have been used during the last three months). The indicator applies to all mobile cellular subscriptions that offer voice communications. It excludes subscriptions via data cards or USB modems, subscriptions to public mobile data services, private trunked mobile radio, telepoint, radio paging and telemetry services.
million passengers
jährlich
2004
0.08
1984 - 2004
Air passengers carried include both domestic and international aircraft passengers of air carriers registered in the country.
Energie und Umwelt
Messung
Frequenz
Wert
Letztes Update
Zeitabdeckung
Kilogramme Öläquivalent
jährlich
2007
566.64
1990 - 2007
Energy use refers to use of primary energy before transformation to other end-use fuels, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport.
Prozent
jährlich
2015
1.88
1990 - 2015
Clean energy is noncarbohydrate energy that does not produce carbon dioxide when generated. It includes hydropower and nuclear, geothermal, and solar power, among others.
Kilogramme Öläquivalent
jährlich
2007
122.07
1990 - 2007
Energy use per PPP GDP is the kilogram of oil equivalent of energy use per constant PPP GDP. Energy use refers to use of primary energy before transformation to other end-use fuels, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport. PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to 2011 constant international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as a U.S. dollar has in the United States.
kt
jährlich
2014
121
1960 - 2014
Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.
Metrische Tonnen
jährlich
2014
1.14
1960 - 2014
Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.
GDP (in dollars) per kilogram of oil equivalent
jährlich
2007
7.72
1990 - 2007
GDP per unit of energy use is the PPP GDP per kilogram of oil equivalent of energy use. PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to 2011 constant international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as a U.S. dollar has in the United States.
Prozent
jährlich
2016
0.05
1975 - 2016
Total natural resources rents are the sum of oil rents, natural gas rents, coal rents (hard and soft), mineral rents, and forest rents.
Prozent
jährlich
2016
0.00
1980 - 2016
Oil rents are the difference between the value of crude oil production at world prices and total costs of production.
Prozent
jährlich
2015
0.00
1980 - 2015
Natural gas rents are the difference between the value of natural gas production at world prices and total costs of production.
Prozent
jährlich
2016
97.02
1990 - 2016
Access to electricity is the percentage of population with access to electricity. Electrification data are collected from industry, national surveys and international sources.
Industrie: Öl, Kohle und Elektrizität
Messung
Frequenz
Wert
Letztes Update
Zeitabdeckung
billion barrels
jährlich
2018
0.00
1980 - 2018
Proved reserves of crude oil are the estimated quantities of all liquids defined as crude oil, which geological and engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty to be recoverable in future years from reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions.
thousand barrels per day
jährlich
2017
0.00
1980 - 2017
Oil production includes the production of crude oil (including lease condensate), natural gas plant liquids, and other liquids, and refinery processing gain. Negative values indicate a net refinery processing loss.
thousand barrels per day
jährlich
2014
0.00
1986 - 2014
Gasoline production includes production of: conventional gasoline; all types of oxygenated gasoline, including gasohol; and reformulated gasoline; but excludes production of aviation gasoline.
Volumetric data on blending components, such as oxygenates, are not counted in data on finished motor gasoline until the blending components are blended into the gasoline.
thousand barrels per day
jährlich
2014
0.00
1986 - 2014
The indicator estimates the volume of jet fuel produced within a country expressed in thousand barrels per day. Jet fuel is a refined petroleum product used in jet aircraft engines and it includes kerosene-type jet fuel and naphtha-type jet fuel.
thousand barrels per day
jährlich
2012
0.00
1980 - 2012
thousand barrels per day
jährlich
2014
1.50
1980 - 2014
Oil consumption (Total petroleum consumption) includes internal consumption, refinery fuel and loss, and bunkering. Also included, where available, is direct combustion of crude oil.
thousand barrels per day
jährlich
2014
0.40
1987 - 2014
thousand barrels per day
jährlich
2016
0.10
1986 - 2016
thousand barrels per day
jährlich
2012
0.00
1986 - 2012
Liquefied petroleum gases include ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, normal butane, butylene, isobutane, and isobutylene.
The Liquefied Petroleum Gases consumption also includes, where data are available, liquefied petroleum gases sold directly from natural gas processing plants for fuel or chemical uses and pentanes plus.
thousand short tons
jährlich
2016
0.00
1980 - 2016
Total primary coal production (Coal includes anthracite, subanthracite, bituminous, subbituminous, lignite, brown coal, and oil shale.)
thousand short tons
jährlich
2016
0.00
1980 - 2016
Coal consumption includes anthracite, subanthracite, bituminous, subbituminous, lignite, brown coal, and oil shale. It also includes net imports of metallurgical coke.
thousand short tons
jährlich
2016
0.00
1980 - 2016
Amount of foreign coal shipped to the country.
thousand short tons
jährlich
2016
0.00
1980 - 2016
Amount of coal shipped to foreign destinations.
billion kilowatthours
jährlich
2016
0.05
1980 - 2016
Total electricity net generation (Net generation excludes the energy consumed by the generating units)
billion kilowatthours
jährlich
2016
0.05
1980 - 2016
Total Electricity Net Consumption = total net electricity generation + electricity imports - electricity exports – electricity transmission and distribution losses.
Net consumption excludes the energy consumed by the generating units.
million kilowatts
jährlich
2016
0.02
1980 - 2016
Total Electricity Installed Capacity (Million Kilowatts)
billion kilowatthours
jährlich
2016
0.00
1980 - 2016
Total Renewables Electricity Net Generation (Net generation excludes the energy consumed by the generating units and also excludes generation from hydroelectric pumped storage)
Energy mix
Messung
Frequenz
Wert
Letztes Update
Zeitabdeckung
billion kilowatthours
jährlich
2016
0.00
1980 - 2016
Hydroelectric generation excludes generation from hydroelectric pumped storage.
billion kilowatthours
jährlich
2016
0.00
1980 - 2016
Nuclear electricity net generation (Net generation excludes the energy consumed by the generating units)
Landwirtschaft
Messung
Frequenz
Wert
Letztes Update
Zeitabdeckung
percent
jährlich
2016
12.5
1990 - 2016
Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees of at least 5 meters in situ, whether productive or not, and excludes tree stands in agricultural production systems (for example, in fruit plantations and agroforestry systems) and trees in urban parks and gardens.
percent
jährlich
2015
45.83
1961 - 2015
Agricultural land refers to the share of land area that is arable, under permanent crops, and under permanent pastures. Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded. Land under permanent crops is land cultivated with crops that occupy the land for long periods and need not be replanted after each harvest, such as cocoa, coffee, and rubber. This category includes land under flowering shrubs, fruit trees, nut trees, and vines, but excludes land under trees grown for wood or timber. Permanent pasture is land used for five or more years for forage, including natural and cultivated crops.
Prozent
jährlich
2017
31.69
1991 - 2017
Employment is defined as persons of working age who were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangement. The agriculture sector consists of activities in agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing, in accordance with division 1 (ISIC 2) or categories A-B (ISIC 3) or category A (ISIC 4).
Prozent
jährlich
2016
17.21
1975 - 2016
Agriculture corresponds to ISIC divisions 1-5 and includes forestry, hunting, and fishing, as well as cultivation of crops and livestock production. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Note: For VAB countries, gross value added at factor cost is used as the denominator.
billion USD
jährlich
2016
0.07
1975 - 2016
sq. km.
jährlich
2016
330
1961 - 2016
Agricultural land refers to the share of land area that is arable, under permanent crops, and under permanent pastures. Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded. Land under permanent crops is land cultivated with crops that occupy the land for long periods and need not be replanted after each harvest, such as cocoa, coffee, and rubber. This category includes land under flowering shrubs, fruit trees, nut trees, and vines, but excludes land under trees grown for wood or timber. Permanent pasture is land used for five or more years for forage, including natural and cultivated crops.
index points
jährlich
2016
142.3
1961 - 2016
Crop production index shows agricultural production for each year relative to the base period 2004-2006. It includes all crops except fodder crops. Regional and income group aggregates for the FAO's production indexes are calculated from the underlying values in international dollars, normalized to the base period 2004-2006.
percent
jährlich
2016
25.0
1961 - 2016
Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded.
index points
jährlich
2016
138.0
1961 - 2016
Food production index covers food crops that are considered edible and that contain nutrients. Coffee and tea are excluded because, although edible, they have no nutritive value.
percent
jährlich
2017
76.83
1960 - 2017
Rural population refers to people living in rural areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated as the difference between total population and urban population.
kg per hectare of arable land
jährlich
2016
39.3
2002 - 2016
Fertilizer consumption measures the quantity of plant nutrients used per unit of arable land. Fertilizer products cover nitrogenous, potash, and phosphate fertilizers (including ground rock phosphate). Traditional nutrients--animal and plant manures--are not included. For the purpose of data dissemination, FAO has adopted the concept of a calendar year (January to December). Some countries compile fertilizer data on a calendar year basis, while others are on a split-year basis. Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded.
index points
jährlich
2016
106.7
1961 - 2016
Livestock production index includes meat and milk from all sources, dairy products such as cheese, and eggs, honey, raw silk, wool, and hides and skins.
sq. km
jährlich
2016
90.0
1990 - 2016
Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees of at least 5 meters in situ, whether productive or not, and excludes tree stands in agricultural production systems (for example, in fruit plantations and agroforestry systems) and trees in urban parks and gardens.
Zugang Bankensystem
Messung
Frequenz
Wert
Letztes Update
Zeitabdeckung
ATMs per 100,000 adults
jährlich
2015
28.23
2004 - 2015
Number of ATMs per 100,000 adults. Automated teller machines are computerized telecommunications devices that provide clients of a financial institution with access to financial transactions in a public place.
percent
jährlich
2009
33.90
2009 - 2009
Percentage of firms using banks to finance purchases of fixed assets.
percent
jährlich
2009
52.90
2009 - 2009
Percentage of small firms (5-19 workers) in the formal sector with a line of credit or a loan from a (formal) financial institution, such as a bank, credit union, microfinance institution, or cooperative.
bank branches
jährlich
2015
29.72
2004 - 2015
Number of commercial bank branches per 100,000 adults.
Stabilität Bankensystem
Messung
Frequenz
Wert
Letztes Update
Zeitabdeckung
Prozent
jährlich
2017
3.57
2010 - 2017
Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans are the value of nonperforming loans divided by the total value of the loan portfolio (including nonperforming loans before the deduction of specific loan-loss provisions). The loan amount recorded as nonperforming should be the gross value of the loan as recorded on the balance sheet, not just the amount that is overdue.
percent
jährlich
2016
74.68
1974 - 2016
The financial resources provided to the private sector by domestic money banks as a share of total deposits. Domestic money banks comprise commercial banks and other financial institutions that accept transferable deposits, such as demand deposits. Total deposits include demand, time and saving deposits in deposit money banks.
index points
jährlich
2009
5.10
1996 - 2009
The index captures the probability of default of a country's banking system. Z-score compares the buffer of a country's banking system (capitalization and returns) with the volatility of those returns. It is estimated as (ROA+(equity/assets))/sd(ROA); sd(ROA) is the standard deviation of ROA. ROA, equity, and assets are country-level aggregate figures. Calculated from underlying bank-by-bank unconsolidated data from Bankscope.
percent
jährlich
2009
19.41
1996 - 2009
The ratio of the value of liquid assets (easily converted to cash) to short-term funding plus total deposits. Liquid assets include cash and due from banks, trading securities and at fair value through income, loans and advances to banks, reverse repos and cash collaterals. Deposits and short term funding includes total customer deposits (current, savings and term) and short term borrowing (money market instruments, CDs and other deposits).
percent
jährlich
2016
22.10
2012 - 2016
Ratio of bank capital and reserves to total assets. Capital and reserves include funds contributed by owners, retained earnings, general and special reserves, provisions, and valuation adjustments. Capital includes tier 1 capital (paid-up shares and common stock), which is a common feature in all countries' banking systems, and total regulatory capital, which includes several specified types of subordinated debt instruments that need not be repaid if the funds are required to maintain minimum capital levels (these comprise tier 2 and tier 3 capital). Total assets include all nonfinancial and financial assets. Reported by IMF staff. Note that due to differences in national accounting, taxation, and supervisory regimes, these data are not strictly comparable across countries.
percent
jährlich
2016
32.25
2012 - 2016
The capital adequacy of deposit takers. It is a ratio of total regulatory capital to its assets held, weighted according to the risk of those assets.
Effizienz Bankensystem
Messung
Frequenz
Wert
Letztes Update
Zeitabdeckung
percent
jährlich
2009
3.64
1996 - 2009
Operating expenses of a bank as a share of the value of all assets held. Total assets include total earning assets, cash and due from banks, foreclosed real estate, fixed assets, goodwill, other intangibles, current tax assets, deferred tax assets, discontinued operations and other assets. The numerator and denominator are first aggregated on the country level before division. Note that banks used in the calculation might differ between indicators. Calculated from underlying bank-by-bank unconsolidated data from Bankscope.
interest rate points
jährlich
2016
4.79
1980 - 2016
Difference between the lending rate and the deposit rate. The lending rate is the rate charged by banks on loans to the private sector and the deposit interest rate is the rate offered by commercial banks on three-month deposits.
percent
jährlich
2009
-1.37
1996 - 2009
Commercial banks’ pre-tax income to yearly averaged total assets. The numerator and denominator are first aggregated on the country level before division. Note that banks used in the calculation might differ between indicators. Calculated from underlying bank-by-bank unconsolidated data from Bankscope.
percent
jährlich
2009
-10.51
1996 - 2009
Commercial banks’ pre-tax income to yearly averaged equity. The numerator and denominator are first aggregated on the country level before division. Note that banks used in the calculation might differ between indicators. Calculated from underlying bank-by-bank unconsolidated data from Bankscope.
percent
jährlich
2009
50.00
1996 - 2009
Bank’s income that has been generated by noninterest related activities as a percentage of total income (net-interest income plus noninterest income). Noninterest related income includes net gains on trading and derivatives, net gains on other securities, net fees and commissions and other operating income. The number is only calculated when net-interest income is not negative. Note that banks used in the calculation might differ between indicators. Calculated from underlying bank-by-bank unconsolidated data from Bankscope.
percent
jährlich
2009
6.09
1996 - 2009
Accounting value of bank's net interest revenue as a share of its average interest-bearing (total earning) assets. The numerator and denominator are aggregated on the country level before division. Note that banks used in the calculation might differ between indicators. Calculated from underlying bank-by-bank unconsolidated data from Bankscope.
percent
jährlich
2009
40.00
1996 - 2009
Operating expenses of a bank as a share of the sum of net-interest revenue and other operating income. The numerator and denominator are first aggregated on the country level before division. Note that banks used in the calculation might differ between indicators. Calculated from underlying bank-by-bank unconsolidated data from Bankscope.
Verschuldung Bankensystem
Messung
Frequenz
Wert
Letztes Update
Zeitabdeckung
percent
jährlich
2017
40.89
1975 - 2017
Domestic credit to private sector by banks refers to financial resources provided to the private sector by other depository corporations (deposit taking corporations except central banks), such as through loans, purchases of nonequity securities, and trade credits and other accounts receivable, that establish a claim for repayment. For some countries these claims include credit to public enterprises.
percent
jährlich
2016
53.02
1989 - 2016
Ratio of liquid liabilities to GDP. Liquid liabilities are also known as broad money, or M3. They are the sum of currency and deposits in the central bank (M0), plus transferable deposits and electronic currency (M1), plus time and savings deposits, foreign currency transferable deposits, certificates of deposit, and securities repurchase agreements (M2), plus travelers checks, foreign currency time deposits, commercial paper, and shares of mutual funds or market funds held by residents.
percent
jährlich
2016
42.35
1975 - 2016
Total assets held by deposit money banks as a share of GDP. Assets include claims on domestic real nonfinancial sector which includes central, state and local governments, nonfinancial public enterprises and private sector. Deposit money banks comprise commercial banks and other financial institutions that accept transferable deposits, such as demand deposits.
percent
jährlich
2016
39.23
1975 - 2016
Domestic credit to private sector refers to financial resources provided to the private sector, such as through loans, purchases of nonequity securities, and trade credits and other accounts receivable, that establish a claim for repayment. For some countries these claims include credit to public enterprises.
percent
jährlich
2016
7.56
1980 - 2016
Raw data are from the electronic version of the IMF’s International Financial Statistics. (IFS line 22A + line 22B + line 22C) / GDP. Local currency GDP is from IFS (line 99B..ZF or, if not available, line 99B.CZF).
percent
jährlich
2016
46.81
1975 - 2016
Demand, time and saving deposits in deposit money banks and other financial institutions as a share of GDP.
Bankensystem: weitere Indikatoren
Messung
Frequenz
Wert
Letztes Update
Zeitabdeckung
percent
jährlich
2017
7.87
2012 - 2017
Lending rate is the bank rate that usually meets the short- and medium-term financing needs of the private sector. This rate is normally differentiated according to creditworthiness of borrowers and objectives of financing. The terms and conditions attached to these rates differ by country, however, limiting their comparability.
percent
jährlich
2017
4.63
2012 - 2017
Real interest rate is the lending interest rate adjusted for inflation as measured by the GDP deflator. The terms and conditions attached to lending rates differ by country, however, limiting their comparability.
points
jährlich
2017
4.00
2013 - 2017
Depth of credit information index measures rules affecting the scope, accessibility, and quality of credit information available through public or private credit registries. The index ranges from 0 to 8, with higher values indicating the availability of more credit information, from either a public registry or a private bureau, to facilitate lending decisions.
points
jährlich
2017
10.00
2013 - 2017
Strength of legal rights index measures the degree to which collateral and bankruptcy laws protect the rights of borrowers and lenders and thus facilitate lending. The index ranges from 0 to 12, with higher scores indicating that these laws are better designed to expand access to credit.
Aktienmarkt
Messung
Frequenz
Wert
Letztes Update
Zeitabdeckung
percent
jährlich
2009
10.00
2009 - 2009
The estimated proportion of purchases of fixed assets that was financed by the owners’ contribution or issue of new equity shares.
Innovation
Messung
Frequenz
Wert
Letztes Update
Zeitabdeckung
Prozent
jährlich
2014
0.78
2000 - 2014
Information and communication technology goods exports include computers and peripheral equipment, communication equipment, consumer electronic equipment, electronic components, and other information and technology goods (miscellaneous).
Millionen US-Dollar
jährlich
2014
0.02
2009 - 2014
High-technology exports are products with high R&D intensity, such as in aerospace, computers, pharmaceuticals, scientific instruments, and electrical machinery. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Prozent
jährlich
2014
2.37
2009 - 2014
High-technology exports are products with high R&D intensity, such as in aerospace, computers, pharmaceuticals, scientific instruments, and electrical machinery.
Wirtschaftsfreiheit
Messung
Frequenz
Wert
Letztes Update
Zeitabdeckung
Punkte
jährlich
2019
59
2009 - 2019
The property rights index measures the degree to which a country’s laws protect private property rights and the degree to which its government enforces those laws. It also assesses the likelihood that private property will be expropriated and analyzes the independence of the judiciary, the existence of corruption within the judiciary, and the ability of individuals and businesses to enforce contracts. Higher index values denote more certain legal protection of property.
Punkte
jährlich
2019
38
2009 - 2019
The score for the Freedom of corruption index is derived primarily from Transparency International’s Corruption Perceptions Index. For countries that are not covered in the CPI the freedom from corruption score is determined by using information from internationally recognized and reliable sources. Higher index values denote lower level of corruption.
Punkte
jährlich
2019
86
2009 - 2019
The Fiscal freedom index measures the tax burden imposed by government. It is composed of three quantitative factors: the top marginal tax rate on individual income, the top marginal tax rate on corporate income, and the total tax burden as a percentage of GDP.
Punkte
jährlich
2019
75
2009 - 2019
The Business freedom index is based on 10 indicators, using data from the World Bank’s Doing Business study: Starting a business-procedures (number), time (days), cost (% of income per capita), and minimum capital (% of income per capita); Obtaining a license—procedures (number), time (days), and cost (% of income per capita); Closing a business—time (years), cost (% of estate), and recovery rate (cents on the dollar).
Punkte
jährlich
2019
70
2009 - 2019
The Labor freedom index is composed of six quantitative factors: ratio of minimum wage to the average value added per worker, hindrance to hiring additional workers, rigidity of hours, difficulty of firing redundant employees, legally mandated notice period, and mandatory severance pay. The index is based on data collected in connection with the World Bank’s Doing Business study.
Punkte
jährlich
2019
69.40
2009 - 2019
The score for the Monetary freedom index is based on two factors: the weighted average inflation rate for the most recent three years and price controls. Higher index values denote price stability without microeconomic intervention.
Punkte
jährlich
2019
74
2009 - 2019
The Trade freedom index is based on two indicators: the trade-weighted average tariff rate and non-tariff barriers (including quantity, price, regulatory, customs and investment restrictions, and direct government intervention).
Punkte
jährlich
2019
40
2009 - 2019
The Investment freedom index evaluates a variety of investment restrictions (burdensome bureaucracy, restrictions on land ownership, expropriation of investments without fair compensation, foreign exchange controls, capital control, security problems, a lack of basic investment infrastructure, etc.). Points are deducted from the ideal score of 100 for each of the restrictions found in a country’s investment regime.
Punkte
jährlich
2019
20
2009 - 2019
The Financial freedom index evaluates: the extent of government regulation of financial services, the degree of state intervention in banks and other financial firms through direct and indirect ownership, the extent of financial and capital market development, government influence on the allocation of credit and openness to foreign competition. Higher index values denote banking efficiency and independence from government control and interference in the financial sector.
index points
jährlich
2019
58
2009 - 2019
The Overall index of economic freedom has ten components grouped into four broad categories: Rule of Law; Limited Government; Regulatory Efficiency and
Open Markets. The overall economic freedom is scored on a scale of 0 to 100, where 100 represents the maximum freedom.
Gesundheit
Messung
Frequenz
Wert
Letztes Update
Zeitabdeckung
US-Dollar
jährlich
2015
221.37
2000 - 2015
Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Prozent
jährlich
2015
5.86
2000 - 2015
Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation.
Jahre
jährlich
2016
73.03
1960 - 2016
Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Geburten pro 1000 Einwohner
jährlich
2016
23.98
1960 - 2016
Crude birth rate indicates the number of live births occurring during the year, per 1,000 population estimated at midyear. Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate provides the rate of natural increase, which is equal to the rate of population change in the absence of migration.
Todesfälle pro 1000 Einwohner
jährlich
2016
5.99
1960 - 2016
Crude death rate indicates the number of deaths occurring during the year, per 1,000 population estimated at midyear. Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate provides the rate of natural increase, which is equal to the rate of population change in the absence of migration.
Geburten pro Frau
jährlich
2016
3.64
1960 - 2016
Total fertility rate represents the number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years and bear children in accordance with age-specific fertility rates of the specified year.
cases per 100,000 people
jährlich
2017
12.00
2000 - 2017
Incidence of tuberculosis is the estimated number of new and relapse tuberculosis cases arising in a given year, expressed as the rate per 100,000 population. All forms of TB are included, including cases in people living with HIV. Estimates for all years are recalculated as new information becomes available and techniques are refined, so they may differ from those published previously.
suicides per 100,000 people
jährlich
2016
3.50
2000 - 2016
Suicide mortality rate is the number of suicide deaths in a year per 100,000 population.
Bildung
Messung
Frequenz
Wert
Letztes Update
Zeitabdeckung
Prozent
jährlich
2004
3.91
1984 - 2004
General government expenditure on education (current, capital, and transfers) is expressed as a percentage of GDP. It includes expenditure funded by transfers from international sources to government. General government usually refers to local, regional and central governments.
percent
jährlich
2004
18.10
1999 - 2004
Total general (local, regional and central) government expenditure on education (current, capital, and transfers), expressed as a percentage of total general government expenditure on all sectors (including health, education, social services, etc.). It includes expenditure funded by transfers from international sources to government. Public education expenditure includes spending by local/municipal, regional and national governments (excluding household contributions) on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration, and subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities). In some instances data on total public expenditure on education refers only to the ministry of education and can exclude other ministries that spend a part of their budget on educational activities. The indicator is calculated by dividing total public expenditure on education incurred by all government agencies/departments by the total government expenditure and multiplying by 100. For more information, consult the UNESCO Institute of Statistics website: http://www.uis.unesco.org/Education/
Prozent
jährlich
2011
99.39
1976 - 2011
Percentage of the population age 15 and above who can, with understanding, read and write a short, simple statement on their everyday life. Generally, ‘literacy’ also encompasses ‘numeracy’, the ability to make simple arithmetic calculations. This indicator is calculated by dividing the number of literates aged 15 years and over by the corresponding age group population and multiplying the result by 100.
Prozent
jährlich
2011
99.51
1976 - 2011
Youth (15-24) literacy rate (%). Female is the number of females age 15 to 24 years who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement on their everyday life, divided by the female population in that age group. Generally, ‘literacy’ also encompasses ‘numeracy’, the ability to make simple arithmetic calculations.
Prozent
jährlich
2011
99.37
1976 - 2011
Youth (15-24) literacy rate (%). Male is the number of males age 15 to 24 years who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement on their everyday life, divided by the male population in that age group. Generally, ‘literacy’ also encompasses ‘numeracy’, the ability to make simple arithmetic calculations.
Prozent
jährlich
2011
99.44
1976 - 2011
Youth (15-24) literacy rate (%). Total is the number of people age 15 to 24 years who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement on their everyday life, divided by the population in that age group. Generally, ‘literacy’ also encompasses ‘numeracy’, the ability to make simple arithmetic calculations.
Schüler pro Lehrer
jährlich
2014
21.86
1970 - 2014
Primary school pupil-teacher ratio is the average number of pupils per teacher in primary school.
Prozent
jährlich
2013
110.98
1977 - 2013
Primary completion rate, or gross intake ratio to the last grade of primary education, is the number of new entrants (enrollments minus repeaters) in the last grade of primary education, regardless of age, divided by the population at the entrance age for the last grade of primary education. Data limitations preclude adjusting for students who drop out during the final year of primary education.
Jahre
jährlich
2017
6
1970 - 2017
Entrance age of primary is the age at which students would enter primary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade.
Prozent
jährlich
2014
0.99
1970 - 2014
Gender parity index for gross enrollment ratio in primary education is the ratio of girls to boys enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
Prozent
jährlich
2014
1.09
1970 - 2014
Gender parity index for gross enrollment ratio in secondary education is the ratio of girls to boys enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
Prozent
jährlich
2003
1.66
1978 - 2003
Gender parity index for gross enrollment ratio in tertiary education is the ratio of women to men enrolled at tertiary level in public and private schools.
Prozent
jährlich
2014
38.53
1975 - 2014
Total enrollment in pre-primary education, regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the total population of official pre-primary education age. GER can exceed 100% due to the inclusion of over-aged and under-aged students because of early or late school entrance and grade repetition.
Prozent
jährlich
2014
108.04
1970 - 2014
Total enrollment in primary education, regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of official primary education age. GER can exceed 100% due to the inclusion of over-aged and under-aged students because of early or late school entrance and grade repetition.
Prozent
jährlich
2014
90.11
1970 - 2014
Total enrollment in secondary education, regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of official secondary education age. GER can exceed 100% due to the inclusion of over-aged and under-aged students because of early or late school entrance and grade repetition.
Prozent
jährlich
2003
6.35
1970 - 2003
Total enrollment in tertiary education (ISCED 5 to 8), regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the total population of the five-year age group following on from secondary school leaving.
percent
jährlich
2014
97.06
1998 - 2014
Trained teachers in primary education are the percentage of primary school teachers who have received the minimum organized teacher training (pre-service or in-service) required for teaching in a given country.
Globalisierung
Messung
Frequenz
Wert
Letztes Update
Zeitabdeckung
Punkte
jährlich
2016
48.85
2014 - 2016
The overall index of globalization covers the economic, social, and political dimensions of globalization. Higher values denote greater globalization.
Punkte
jährlich
2016
58.68
2015 - 2016
Economic globalization has two dimensions: actual economic flows and restrictions to trade and capital. The sub-index on actual economic flows includes data on trade, FDI, and portfolio investment. The sub-index on restrictions takes into account hidden import barriers, mean tariff rates, taxes on international trade (as a share of current revenue), and an index of capital controls.
Punkte
jährlich
2016
25.83
1973 - 2016
The degree of political globalization is determined by the number of embassies and high commissions in a country, the number of international organizations to which the country is a member, the number of UN peace missions a country participated in, and the number of treaties signed between two or more states.
Punkte
jährlich
2016
68.00
2014 - 2016
Social globalization has three dimensions: personal contacts, information flows, and cultural proximity. The sub-index on personal contacts includes international telecom traffic, degree of tourism, transfers, foreign population, and number of international letters. The sub-index on information flows includes number of internet users, share of households with a television set, and trade in newspapers. The sub-index on cultural proximity includes trade in books and number of McDonald’s restaurants and Ikea located in a country.
Kriminalität
Messung
Frequenz
Wert
Letztes Update
Zeitabdeckung
prisoners per 100,000 people
jährlich
2014
167
2004 - 2014
Weitere Indikatoren
Messung
Frequenz
Wert
Letztes Update
Zeitabdeckung
points
jährlich
2017
0.726
1980 - 2017
The Human Development Index measures three basic dimensions of human development: long and healthy life, knowledge, and a decent standard of living. Four indicators are used to calculate the index: life expectancy at birth, mean years of schooling, expected years of schooling, and gross national income per capita.
million
jährlich
2017
0.11
1960 - 2017
Total population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship. The values shown are midyear estimates.
percent
jährlich
2017
23.17
1960 - 2017
Urban population refers to people living in urban areas as defined by national statistical offices. The data are collected and smoothed by United Nations Population Division.
percent
jährlich
2017
5.82
1960 - 2017
Population ages 65 and above as a percentage of the total population. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.
percent
jährlich
2017
35.83
1960 - 2017
Total population below the age of 14 as a percentage of the total population. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.
percent
jährlich
2017
49.83
1960 - 2017
Female population is the percentage of the population that is female. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.
percent of Gross National Income per capita
jährlich
2018
6.50
2003 - 2018
The indicator includes all official fees and fees for legal or professional services if such services are required by law. The company law, the commercial code, and specific regulations and fee schedules are used as sources for calculating costs. The indicator excludes bribes.
Anzahl der Dokumente
jährlich
2014
6
2005 - 2014
The total number of documents required per shipment to export goods, including documents required by government ministries, customs authorities, port and container terminal authorities, health and technical control agencies, and banks. Also: all documents required by banks for the issuance or securing of a letter of credit. Documents that are renewed annually and/or that do not require renewal per shipment are not included.
documents
jährlich
2014
6
2005 - 2014
All documents required per shipment to import goods are recorded. It is assumed that the contract has already been agreed upon and signed by both parties. Documents required for clearance by government ministries, customs authorities, port and container terminal authorities, health and technical control agencies and banks are taken into account. Since payment is by letter of credit, all documents required by banks for the issuance or securing of a letter of credit are also taken into account. Documents that are renewed annually and that do not require renewal per shipment (for example, an annual tax clearance certificate) are not included.
sq. km
jährlich
2018
720
1961 - 2018
Land area is a country's total area, excluding area under inland water bodies, national claims to continental shelf, and exclusive economic zones. In most cases the definition of inland water bodies includes major rivers and lakes.
